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Appendicitis

NANDA Appendicitis

Appendicitis is known to be a surgical disease, as it commonly requires removal of the inflamed vermiform appendix, a tubular prominence of the cecum.

Acute appendicitis is defined as the acute inflammation of the appendix. It is the most common surgical emergency.

Causes of acute appendicitis:
The appendix contains a lumen in it. Anything that causes obstruction of the lumen will cause appendicitis. In adults, the lumen is commonly obstructed by fecaliths. Fecalith means hard fecal matter.

In teens and children, the lumen can be obstructed due to inflammation (submucosal lymphoid hyperplasia).

Appendicitis characterized by pain in the right or central abdomen, nausea and fever.

Appendicitis symptoms present itself as a type of acute abdominal pain. It usually spreads around the person's abdomen's lower right region. After some time, the infection spreads and the intensity of pain will increase. You can distinguish the pain because it seems sharper as compared to other typical abdominal conditions.
Vomiting and anorexia can occur after the feeling of pain. Besides, an elevated body temperature is a sign of an ongoing inflammation in the body.

NANDA Appendicitis

Nursing Diagnosis for Appendicitis

1. Risk for Infection

2. Acute pain

3. Risk for Fluid Volume

4. Anxiety

5. Knowledge Deficit

Myocarditis

NANDA Myocarditis

Myocarditis
is an inflammation of the heart muscle or myocardium. From the definition above can be concluded that myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle by a variety of causes, especially infectious agents.

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle or myocardium. In general, myocarditis caused by infectious diseases, but can be as a result of allergic reactions to drugs and toxic effects of chemicals radiation.

Myocarditis can be caused by infections, allergic reactions, and toxic reactions. In the myocarditis, myocardial damage caused by a toxin released basil myocytes.

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the walls of the heart muscle caused by an infection or other causes to which is unknown (idiopathic) (Dorland, 2002).

Myocarditis is a focal or diffuse inflammation of the heart muscle (myocardium) (Doenges, 1999).

From the definition above can be concluded that myocarditis is inflammation / inflammatory heart muscle by a variety of causes, especially infectious agents.

Clinical symptoms of Myocarditis
  • tired
  • shortness of breath
  • Irregular heartbeat
  • fever
Other symptoms because the underlying disorder (Griffith, 1994)
  • shiver
  • fever
  • anorexia
  • chest pain
  • Dyspnea and dysrhythmias.
  • tamponade
  • Compression (in the pericardial effusion)


NANDA Myocarditis
Nursing Diagnosis for Myocarditis

1. Acute Pain

2. Risk of Decreased Cardiac Output

3. Risk for Infection

4. Ineffective Peripheral Tissue Perfusion

5. Activity Intolerance

6. Knowledge Deficit

Risk for Infection Anemia Nursing Diagnosis and Interventions

Risk for Infection Anemia Nursing Diagnosis and Interventions


Nursing Diagnosis for Anemia: Risk for Infection related to Inadequate secondary defenses.

Objectives: Infection does not occur.

Expected outcomes are:
  • Identify the behaviors to prevent / reduce the risk of infection.
  • Improve wound healing, free of purulent drainage or erythema, and fever.

Nursing Interventions for Anemia Risk for Infection

Independent

1. Increase good hand washing; by care givers and patients.
Rationale: to prevent cross contamination / bacterial colonization. Note: patients with severe anemia / aplastic can be risky due to the normal flora of the skin.

2. Maintain strict aseptic techniques in the procedure / treatment of wounds.
Rational: reduce the risk of colonization / infection of bacteria.

3. Give skin care, peri-anal and oral carefully.
Rational: reduce the risk of damage to the skin / tissue and infection.

4. Motivation changes in position / ambulation that often, coughing and deep breathing exercises.
Rational: improving the ventilation of all lung segments and help mobilize secretions to prevent pneumonia.

5. Increase enter adequate fluids.
Rational: to assist in breathing secret dilution to facilitate spending and prevent stasis of body fluids such as respiratory and renal

6. Monitor / limit visitors. Provide isolation if possible.
Rational: limiting exposure to bacteria / infections. Protection of insulation required in aplastic anemia, when the immune response is impaired.

7. Monitor body temperature. Note the presence of chills and tachycardia with or without fever.
Rational: the process of inflammation / infection requires evaluation / treatment.

8. Observe erythema / wound fluid.
Rational: indicators of local infection. Note: the formation of pus may not exist when granulocytes depressed.

Collaboration

1. Take a specimen for culture / sensitivity as indicated.
Rational: to distinguish the presence of infection, identifying the specific pathogen and affects treatment options.

2. Give topical antiseptic; systemic antibiotics.
Rational: may be used for prophylactic treatment to reduce colonization or local infection process.

Related Articles :

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Anemia - Ineffective Tissue Perfusion Nursing Diagnosis and Interventions

10 Nanda Nursing Diagnosis for Anemia

Depression

Depression is a condition that is more of a sad situation, when the depressed person's condition to cause the disruption of their daily social activities then it is called as a depression disorder. Some symptoms of depression disorders are feelings of sadness, excessive fatigue after usual routine activity, lost interest and enthusiasm, lazy bunch, and disruption of sleep patterns. Depression is one of the major causes of suicide.

Cause of a condition of depression include:
  • Organo-biological factors due to imbalances of neurotransmitters in the brain, especially serotonin
  • Psychological factors as psychological stress load, the impact of learning behavior of a social situation
  • Socio-environmental factors such as loss of spouse, loss of employment, post-disaster, the impact of everyday life situations other.

If at any time you feel any symptoms of depression, do not be silent. Act immediately to help yourself.

How do I? The following steps can hopefully help you.
  • Be realistic, do not be too idealist.
  • If you have a task or job to build up, divide the tasks and prioritize. Perform tasks that are able to do.
  • If you have a problem, do not be buried alone. Try the "story" to people you trust. Typically, this will create a feeling more comfortable and lightweight.
  • Try to take part in activities that can make your heart happy, such as exercising, watching movies, or participate in social activities.
  • Try to always think positive.
  • Do not hesitate, and embarrassed to seek help from family or friends.

NANDA Depression Nursing Assessment

A. Depression

a. Subjective data:

Not able to express their opinions and lazy talk. Frequently expressed somatic complaints. Felt he was no longer useful, was by no means, no purpose in life, feeling hopeless and suicidal.

b. Objective data:

Body movements are inhibited, the body is curved and when sitting in a slumped position, facial expression moody, slow gait with the steps being dragged. May sometimes occur stupor. Patients seem lazy, tired, no appetite, difficulty sleeping and crying. Thought process too late, as if his mind is empty, impaired concentration, had no interest, can not think, do not have imagination. In patients with depressive psychosis there is a deep feeling of guilt, no sense (irrational), delusions of sin, depersonalization, and hallucinations. Sometimes the patient rather hostile (hostility), irritability (irritable) and do not like to be disturbed.

2. Maladaptive coping

a. Subjective data: state of hopelessness and helplessness, unhappy, hopeless.

b. Objective data: look sad, irritable, restless, unable to control impulses.


Nursing Diagnosis for Depression

1. Risk for Self-Mutilation and Other

2. Depression